02_如何学语法
43

44

45

46

47

48

句子分析
Details
(1)First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem,and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab Polytechnique.(2003 年高考英语真题)
- First put forward 的 put 是过去分词形式
- put forward 意思是被提出、提出(计划、建议); 推荐,提名; 将…提前
- mathematician n.数学家
- theorem n.(尤指数学) 定理
- beaten
- v.(在比赛或竞争中) 赢,打败 (某人); 控制; 难倒
- beat 的过去分词
- mathematical adj.数学的;
- minds
- n.头脑; 大脑; 智慧; 思维方式; 聪明人; 思考能力; 富有才智的人
- v.(请求允许或客气地请人做事) 介意; 对 (某事) 烦恼,苦恼,焦虑; 不在意; 不考虑; 不关心
- major advance 重大进展; 主要进展
- working out 解决
- 该定理最早由法国数学家 Pierre de Format 在 17 世纪提出,它让最优秀的数学人才感到困惑和失败,包括一位在解决这个问题方面取得重大进展的法国女科学家,她必须穿得像个男人才能在巴黎理工学院学习
(2)Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online to save their valuable time.
- airlines 航空公司 airline 的复数
- passengers 乘客;旅客
- boarding n.(学生的) 寄宿; (做墙等的) 木板; 板材 v.上船 (或火车、飞机、公共汽车等); 让乘客登机 (或上船等);
- 许多航空公司现在允许乘客在线打印登机牌,以节省宝贵的时间。
(3)We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置)well after they go out of style
- gets rid of 摆脱;抛弃
- worn
- adj.穿坏的; 筋疲力尽的; 用旧的; 用坏的; 疲惫的; 磨薄的
- wear 的过去分词
- at the first sight of 第一眼看到; 一见到…(就)
- something shiny and new 一些闪亮的、新东西。
- go out of style 过时
- 我们可能认为我们是一种文化,一看到闪亮的新东西,就会抛弃我们的旧技术,但一项新的研究表明,我们在旧设备过时后仍会继续使用它们
(4)While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars(and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams,cut emissions(排放)and offer more convenient, affordable mobility option
- While 放在句首,表示虽然的意思……
- 尽管迄今为止的大部分争论都集中在无人驾驶汽车的安全性上(这是理所当然的),但政策制定者也应该讨论自动驾驶汽车如何帮助减少交通堵塞、减少排放,并提供更方便、更实惠的出行选择
- so far 目前为止,迄今
- driverless cars 自动驾驶汽车
- rightfully so 理所当然的。rightfully 正当地; 正当; 正当的
- self-driving vehicles 自动驾驶汽车
- traffic jams 交通堵塞
- affordable adj.买得起的; 价格合理的; 负担得起的
- mobility (住处、社会阶层、职业方面的) 流动能力(mobile devices 移动设备)
(5)However, they still did not know how to cope with mean-spirited jokes, or the sense of incompetence they might feel if they compared themselves to celebrities(名人)or more brilliant friends online.
- cope with 对付… ;处理;
- mean-spirited adj. 卑鄙的; 心胸狭窄; 心胸狭窄的; 小心眼的; 个非常不大气
- mean adj.平均的; 刻薄; 吝啬的; 熟练的; 小气的; 平庸的; 不善良; 要发狂的; 低劣而肮脏的; 出身卑贱的; 要发怒的
- spirit n. 精神; (某种类型的) 人; 灵魂; 心灵; 情绪; 烈酒; 本质; 勇气; 心态; 心境;
- 然而,他们仍然不知道如何应对刻薄的笑话,或者如果他们把自己比作名人或网上更聪明的朋友,他们可能会感到无能。
49

句子分析
Details
- (6)The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs
- 唤醒感官的第一步是停止在事情发生之前预测我们会看到和感受到什么
- 05_都表示”醒“,wake,waken,awake 和 awaken 到底怎么区分
- (7)A new commodity brings about a highly profitable, fast-growing industry,urging antitrust(反垄断) regulators to step in to check those who control its flow
- commodity n.商品; 有用的东西; 有使用价值的事物
- profitable adj.有利可图的; 赢利的; 有益的; 有利润的; 有好处的
- profit n.利润; 收益; 利益; 赢利; 好处; 裨益 v.获益; 对…有用 (或有益); 得到好处
- fast-growing adj.快速增长的; 生长迅速的
- urging 促使 v.敦促; 催促; 力劝; 鞭策; 竭力主张; 驱赶; 大力推荐 urge 的现在分词
- urge v.催促; 敦促; 力劝; 鞭策; 竭力主张; 驱赶; 大力推荐 n.冲动; 强烈的欲望
- regulators n.(某行业等的) 监管者,监管机构;
- step in 介入,干预,插手(棘手问题)
- flow n.流; 流动; 连贯; 涨潮; 滔滔不绝; 持续生产; 不断供应
- 一种新商品带来了一个高利润、快速增长的行业,促使反垄断监管机构介入,检查那些控制其流动(持续生产; 不断供应)的人
- (8)Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which could help them to continue driving into later life
- 在 Phil Blythe 教授的带领下,纽卡斯尔大学的团队正在为老年驾驶员开发车载技术,这可以帮助他们在以后的生活中继续驾驶
- (9)Friedman points out that the green economy(经济)is a chance to keep American strength.
- 弗里德曼指出,绿色经济是保持美国力量的机会。
- (10)Italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration, has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years
- 意大利的移民传统要弱得多,近年来移民人数急剧增加
- 06_区别辨析 emigrate、immigrate 与 migrate
50 及物动词、不及物动词

句子分析
Details
- think, insist, agree, reply, argue 思考、坚持、同意、回答、争论
- I have improved my handwriting in the summer. 夏天我的书法进步了。
- handwriting 手写,笔迹,书写,书法
- They left for Beijing last night.
- leave for 是出发至某处
- 他们昨晚去北京了。
- They left their children out without mercy. 他们毫不留情地把孩子遗弃在外面。
- mercy n.怜悯; 仁慈,慈悲; 宽恕;
51

句子分析
Details
- Lions belonging to meat-eating animals feed on meat.
- feed on 以……为食;以……为能源从……中得到增强
- 狮子,属于肉食性的动物,以肉为食。
- Most of the guests invited to the party are his friends.
- guest 客人;宾客;旅客;房客;特邀嘉宾;特别嘉宾;客串演员 n.
- gesture 手势;姿势;(表明感情或意图的) 姿态,表示;示意动作 n.
52

53

句子分析
Details
54

55 系动词和表语

句子分析
- 李辉很勤奋。Li Hui is diligent.
56

句子分析
- 4.The debate is getting fiercer and fiercer
- 争论越来越激烈
- fiercer
- adj. 猛烈的; 凶猛的; 强烈的; 狂暴的; 凶狠的; 恶劣的; 凶残的; 狂热的
- fierce 的比较级
- My job is to attend the students.
- v. 出席,参加; 经常去(某地); 看护;照顾;伴随; 专心
- This is our new television.
- 这是我们的新电视。
57

58

句子分析
Details
- To tell you the truth/To be frank, he doesn't quite agree with this idea
- frank adj.坦率的; 直率的
59 插入语

60

61 三长

句子分析
Details
- Jack walked into the hall,(waving) to the audience.(to the audience)
- 杰克走进大厅,向观众挥手。(对观众)
- audience 观众;听众;读者
- We,(singing a happy song), rode to school
- 我们唱着一首欢快的歌,骑车去了学校。
62

句子分析
Details
The teacher greets his students individually.
- v.迎接; 欢迎; 映入…的眼帘; (以某种方式) 对…作出反应; 和 (某人) 打招呼 (或问好);
- 老师逐一问候他的学生。
The princess looks extremely beautiful today
- 公主今天看起来非常漂亮
and that government of the people, by the people and for the people shall not perish from the earth.
- 这是亚伯拉罕・林肯(Abraham Lincoln)在葛底斯堡演说(Gettysburg Address)中的名句,以下是对“And that government of the people, by the people and for the people shall not perish from the earth”的详细分析:
- 本句的核心结构是“government...shall not perish”,“government”是句子的主语,表示“政府”;“shall not perish”是谓语部分,“shall”是情态动词,与“not”构成否定形式,“perish”意为“灭亡;消失”,整体表示“不会灭亡”。
- “of the people, by the people and for the people”是一组并列的介词短语,用于修饰“government”,对“government”的性质和特征进行详细描述。“of the people”表示“属于人民的”,说明政府的归属;“by the people”表示“由人民(治理)的”,强调政府的治理主体;“for the people”表示“为了人民(利益)的”,指出政府的服务宗旨。
- 并且这样一个属于人民的、由人民(治理)的、为了人民(利益)的政府将不会从地球上消亡。
- 这是亚伯拉罕・林肯(Abraham Lincoln)在葛底斯堡演说(Gettysburg Address)中的名句,以下是对“And that government of the people, by the people and for the people shall not perish from the earth”的详细分析:
Singing and laughing,we headed to the park.
- headed to 前往
- 我们边走边笑,朝公园走去。
63

句子分析
Details
- The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food.
- 农业部制定了旨在培养更多农民和提高对当地种植食品兴趣的计划。
- Department n.部门; 部; 处; 系; 司; (医院的) 科; 局
- Agriculture n.农业; 农艺; 农学
- programs n.程序; 计划。
- aimed at 旨在; 针对;目的在于
- grown adj.长大的; 成年的; 成熟的;v.(使) 生长; 长大; 成长; 增加; 扩大; 增强; 发育; 长高(grow 的过去分词)
64

句子分析
Details
- If you started to dry clothes in the morning and forgot to take them out,you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when you come home,so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go.
- 如果你早上开始烘干衣服,却忘了把它们拿出来,你可以在回家的时候打开手机重新启动烘干机,这样你的衣服就会焕然一新,准备好了。
- refresh,刷新(浏览器的刷新)
- v. 使恢复,使振作(refresh 的过去式和过去分词); 使…记起; 使清爽
- refreshed 焕然一新
65

66

句子分析
Details
- To be sure,people are different. You cannot do everything as well as certain other people do.
- 可以肯定的是,人们是不同的。你不可能把每件事都做得和别人一样好
- certain
- pron.(不提及人或事物的名称时用) 某些
- adj.确定; (不提及细节时用) 某事,某人,某种; 肯定; 确信; 确实; 无疑; 某某,某位,一位叫…的; 轻微的
- try out for 参加…的选拔; 角逐
- try out 试验,检验; 测试,测验;
- Many experiments have shown that just about every poor reader can improve his reading ability. In these experiments, the poor readers were given tests of reading ability. After some of the causes of their poor reading were discovered, they were given special instruction and practice in reading
67

68 常见不可数名词 & 名词考法

69

70

句子分析
Details
- 第一个空填“comes”,第二个空填“will come”。 解析:第一个空,根据“usually”可知,这里说的是通常的情况,是一般现在时,主语“it”是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词“come”要用第三人称单数形式“comes” 。第二个空,因为今天由于大雨火车将会晚点 20 分钟,这是还未发生的事情,要用一般将来时,所以用“will come”。
71

句子分析
72

句子分析
Details
- We would have a holiday,if the earth exploded.
- 如果地球爆炸了,我们将有一个度假。
73

74

75

76

77

78

79

句子分析
Details
- they fly about the bushes
- 这句话的意思是“它们在灌木丛周围飞舞” 。“they”指代上文提到或语境中明确的事物,通常是会飞的东西,比如昆虫等;“fly”是动词,表示“飞、飞行”;“about”在这里表示“在…… 周围” ;“the bushes”指“灌木丛”。
80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99
